Matt--
I've enjoyed many wonderfui golf days on courses in the Adirondacks. One of my favorites is Thendara, between the towns of Thendara and Old Forge. It's a tale of two courses; the front, a rather flat 9 holes, designed by Ross in 1920, with some classic cop bunkers. There are some of the most interesting and challenging greens that you'll find anywhere. And, then you go to the back, a nine designed by William Harries in 1958. A challenging 9 holes with a very interesting, and scenic routing. I love that course.
Hopefully you'll get to Whiteface Resort, and, hopefully, J. Peter Martin, golf professional, is still there. His book,"Adirondack Golf Courses--Past and Present" is a must have for anyone interested in the history of Adirondack golf. I bet it's available in the Old Forge hardware.
After Thendara, I'd probably play Inlet, then Tupper Lake Country Club (was Ross involved?), Saranac Inn (Seymore Dunn), Whiteface Resort (John VanKleek redesign), the lower course at the Lake Placid Club (Seymore Dunn), and I can't really speak for Craig Wood CC because we had to quit when got too deep (another Seymore Dunn creation).
There are many other old courses in the Adirondacks that we never got to. You mention Leatherstocking. A wonderful old Emmet course. Teugaga CC in Rome is a terrific Ross course. Yahnundasis Golf Club in Utica is a great Travis course (with some revisions done by the Gordons in the '50s).
Enjoy.