Essential - topography (I take topography here to mean contours not on or in the area of the green) green speeds, green contours
Desireable - wind, firmness (I'd place firmness as essential but realize mother nature can't be counted on to cooperate)
Indifferent - Length, Width, Water, Rough, Trees, Bunkering
I'm sure some would argue with me about being indifferent about bunkering, but I think its possible to have a world class course without bunkers. Just because it hasn't been done doesn't mean it isn't possible, only than architects haven't been able to get that far outside the box (either due to their own biases or the demands of their clients)