The R&A did split the R&A Rules Limited is the body that runs the championships and makes the rules. As I recall, they did it for two reasons, money and women. They removed the club from liability and they were getting heat about a male only club running the game.
Sean, the USGA has a lot of money. There is no requirement that a not-for-profit gives its money away or that it doesn't make a profit. They just don't distribute those profits to shareholders. The USGA does give away money, they have been giving away about $5M a year through their foundation. They also help the various associations by funding P.J. Boatwright interns, funding turf research at universties, support the First Tee and other organizations.
The only money the USGA gives to private (or public) clubs is the $25K they give to clubs hosting their championships and that is just to help defray some of the expenses.