Perhaps A.W. Tillinghast's ideas on this subject under discussion of the 18th at Oakland Hills as a par 4 or par 5 is the best answer;
"The ideal three shot hole is a combination of a long two shotter and a short one---two long shots so played as to permit the next, an accurate iron, to find and hold the green. I believe that only a hole such as this may be regarded as a satisfactory three shotter. One of the most respected golf architects in America differs with me in the estimate of holes of this type. I recall a friendly argument, and I have no hesitation in presenting his views. He insisted that such a hole should present a green of generous dimensions, one sufficiently large to receive a very long shot, and that the hole should always be open to two prodigous shots if the player can bring them off.
To this argument I take decided exception. In the first place our putting greens must be built with the shot that is to find it in mind. The size of the greens, their very contour must fit the shot. How then, can we conceive and construct that most vital of feature if we admit that shots of one kind are to reach home ordinarily, and on unusual occasions an entirely different stroke is to do it? In brief, I hold that a three-shot hole must call for three shots from any man, and never two abormal ones. Else, how is it a three shot hole?
If the green is open to two shots, the whole scheme of hazards must be entirely different from any conceived to guard against a third shot which is short and placed with great precision. A man cannot serve two masters, nor can a golf hole be satisfactory if two shots, so very different as is the full brassey and a pitch from mid-iron or mashie, be considered when the green and its approaches are designed and built."