As a visitor to the UK most years, I very much like the golf culture there. This thread is of interest because it does seem to reveal and old-world attitude about economics and money.
I tend to agree with Ryan that the distinction between for-profit (commercial) clubs and privates is one with fewer differences than some suggest. Whether the former might seek to return a profit to its owners after operating expenses and capital reserves (ok, don't laugh here), the latter is doing the same thing for its owners (the members) who paid an initiation fee and require non-monetary dividends in the form of access, playing conditions, privacy, fellowship, etc.
The supply/demand imbalance is not solved by opaque pricing or just trying to cover variable costs year after year. It certainly won't improve for the vast majority of courses by gouging foreigners, mostly Americans, simply because it might have worked in the past.
Until the UK economy produces sufficient discretionary income and the population of the classes which play golf reverses its declining fertility rates, constriction of supply via re-purposing of golf courses will continue. I think that this provides both challenges and opportunities for the local operators.
As one who hopes to spend more time in the UK over the next 10 or so years, I hope that they figure things out. Most of us are price takers so the choice is where and whether to play. As was pointed out earlier, an unused tee time does not generate revenue and is gone for ever. And while an astute operator does not want to cannibalize his higher-paying opportunities, losing a potential customer to a course that offers better value may have rippling effects. Ballyliffin at €150 vs. Portsalon at €40 is not a terribly difficult choice.
I suppose that the operators have to sharpen their pencils and clean their crystal balls- is charging £50 and selling 1000 rounds better than 400 at £150? Maybe not, but what if in the following years that 400 declines progressively to 350, 300, 250 .... due to the perceived value of the higher fee? Golf seems like such an easy business with Skynyrd playing in the background and a keyboard on our laps.