Without putting a hell of a lot of thought into it:
1890s: TOC, Musselburgh, Prestwick, Hoylake, Sandwich, Myopia, Rye
1900s: TOC, Hoylake, Sunningdale, Walton Heath, Woking, Princes, NGLA, Garden City, Myopia
1910s: TOC, Hoylake, Sandwich, NGLA, PVGC, Lido
1920s: TOC, Hoylake, Muirfield, NGLA, PVGC, PBGL, CPC, Royal Melbourne, Hirono,
1930s:
1940s:
I know I'm missing some important ones, courses on the continent and Canada are missing. I also think I don't have enough courses in some eras. Some eras are richer with more important courses than some others. Its a start.