Sean,
I agree with you on variety, especially if tied to some kind of "logical" thought process about 95% of the time, such as par 3, 5 and short 4 approach shots more likely to get deep bunkers, and holes late in the round (that might decide matches) more likely to get a deep bunker (a la 16 at PGA West)
I think (but can't prove) that it would make the course more interesting over time as golfers play more conservatively (perhaps) on deeper bunkered holes and it would make the strategy of each hole that much different than a bunch of 4' deep bunkers of the same penalty.
That said, I don't discount what the average and good player thinks in design. Basically, I think its more fun to have a shot at recovery than not. Thus, its not too big a leap to say that golf is more fun if every recovery shot offers a decent chance. In fact, I would make that leap if not for the fact that I know of many courses where the too hard to reasonably recover bunkers are srpinkled throughout the course.
On a personal note, I compare my fairly gentle design at the Wilderness and Legend Giants Ridge course vs my Quarry at Giant's Ridge course which certainly has some "too deep" bunkers. Play at the Quarry seems to be just a bit stronger than the other two courses, but anecdotally, more report liking the Wilderness for its playability. Of course, I am not quite sure what to make of that, and the quarry nature of the Quarry meant it was going to be tougher anyway so I wouldn't change the design there or for the other courses, which are more northwoods types.
As to golfer acceptance, I am pretty sure that (like blindness) they adjust their opinions of bunkers when they realize that a site may dictate the deep bunker, vs. the gca forcing it in just to be tough.