Brent, the weather that time of the year is unpredictable. It typically snows on Halloween (for some unknown reason) but by the dates you mention it could be anywhere between snow and 75 degrees and sunny. You said that you're looking to rent clubs, so at least you won't be on the hook for shipping those around.
The public offerings near downtown are spotty, from an architectural perspective. There are the Denver municipal courses which I grew up playing - only Wellshire (Ross) has a high-end pedigree, but others would be better able to speak to what of Ross is still there on the ground (see thread referenced below).
The other munis might not appeal to anyone who has traveled the world and played the world's finest golf courses, however without knowing your interests, it's hard to say. The Tom Doak team's re-do of the old Mira Vista course, now called CommonGrounds, is not slated to open until next spring, although the pictures on the CGA site are looking good:
http://www.commongroundgc.blogspot.com/Once you get out to the 'burbs, then Murphy Creek, Riverdale Dunes, Buffalo Run, Fossil Trace, and others come into play, but are more of a drive.
Here's a fairly recent thread on this very subject:
http://golfclubatlas.com/forum/index.php/topic,34428.0.htmlObviously, if private courses are in your wheelhouse, there are several that are close to downtown, particularly Denver Country Club, a wonderful, under-appreciated course and club.