Tom Doak mentioned "Frankly, anytime somebody mentions a par-3, I tune out, because there isn't much local knowledge to most short holes; everyone just tries to hit it close to the hole."
I got to thinking about par 3s that do require local knowledge. There are a couple of types. One is the kind of green setting where it is difficult to determine where the pin is. This sort of par 3 can have pin positions that are even hard for seasoned veterans to determine. Such par 3s include the 3rd at Merion East, the 15th at Philadelphia Country and the 8th at Lancaster CC. Some par 3 greens and/or green side bunkers have diagonals where the distance differentials are hard to make out and club selection gets tricky, especially for newcomers or golfers that have only seen pins in certain positions. The 5th at Indian Creek, the 14th at Kittansett and the 7th at Shinnecock Hills are examples of this. A third type is where the hole is place in a decidedly downhill setting. The way our perception works is that if the slope is softened slightly, the green still slopes front to back but it appears quite the opposite. This is true standing on the tee but also, hard to believe but true, standing on the green as well. Such outstanding misperceptions exist on the 4th at Cascades and the 3rd at Rolling Green. Newcomers have a huge disadvantage as their putts front to back roll well past the hole and the return putts are almost invariably well short as the eye just cannot perceive the correct slope. The golfer walks off the green really scratching his/her head. At Rolling Green, the top lines of the flanking bunkers slope back to front exacerbating the misperception that the green slopes back to front. Even long time members have to concentrate on the speed and line of the putts. Those without local knowledge are at a supreme disadvantage.