Patrick,
that's an interesting question, in part because it allows for a number of approaches in trying to answer it. You've had several already, here's one more:
I'd argue that the very fact of a site like golfclubatlas.com (and of any book or article ever written about great golf course architecture) presupposes the existence of fundamental principles and ideals in the design sphere that are manifested as strategic features. Yes, these features are certainly 'actualized' in playing the course (i.e. to use your phrase, the golfer then 'interfaces' with the architecture); but they also exist independently of the golfer (and certainly independently of any specific golfer), and they can be seen, discussed and judged in terms of those fundamental principles and ideals without any reference to how a course might test the hypothetical game of a hypothetical golfer.
I know that you’re a proponent, Patrick, of not commenting on a course’s architectural merits until you’ve played it, and played it not once but several times. I actually think that is probably the soundest approach of all; but on the other hand, I think there are several respected architectural critics past and present whose opinions on golf course architecture we seem to value very much, even though we know that they didn’t always follow your lead before commenting on and judging every course.
Some theorizing and speculation. I think it might hold water.
Peter