Adam,
There is sufficiant room in the right fairway to have a good angle to the green. The bunkers only penalize those who aim right
but miss right. What I really like is that the bunkers pinch in more the longer you hit it. It makes the A player hit a draw or consider 3 wood.
Without the bunkers, right is a safe bailout. My understanding is that Macdonald and Raynor wanted the player to be as bold as he dared to get the best angle to a green, but pay a price for missing on the aggressve side. The safe side is left, so why further penalize the safe player? I should add that a very high % of players need 3 shots to reach this green, so their play is driver left, long iron or wood right, then wedge to the green for very easy 5 or one putt par.
I think the "heroic" element is flirting with the right side hazards and getting away with it, NOT carrying an "inside the dogleg bunker." There are plenty of good holes with that element, but the drawing, IMO is a rare example where outside bunkes work better.
The Road Hole has a hazard, the most punishing of all: OB. I believe Raynor used water on Fishers Island. On an inland site, I believe Banks had no other options but a series of bunkers. If you study the drawing, the short-left bunker (never built) represented the railroad shed, adding an element of blindness to the tee shot. But the three bunkers on the right are not blind, the hole plays slightly uphill. He wanted you to see what you were flirting with.
The trap behind the green clearly represents the road at TOC.