I guess we will agree to disagree on this subject. I feel like yardage has not made the modern golfer soft. There are certainly other aspects, but having a yardage, in my opinion is important.
And the comparison to other sports just doesn't cut it for me. As an avid tennis, baseball and basketball player growing up, all of those sports offered "cheats" when it came to judging distance. In basketball, a free throw is always 15 feet away, and the 3-point shot had a line indicating it. When you went to shoot, you knew your distance away from the basket sometimes more because of where you were in relation to those lines on the court. Sure, feel is involved, but I get a great visual aid from the directional lines on the court. Tennis is the same based on where you are in relation to the baseline or service line. Certainly, there is no time for calculation (like in golf), but it certainly isn't a blank canvas where your depth-perception is the only thing being used.
This subject has me thinking about my round at Arcadia Bluffs, where the flagsticks are shorter than average. Every shot (to my eyes) looked 20-25 yards longer because of the stick. If I had gone on instinct, it would've taken me almost a whole round to adjust. Trusting the yardages provided was the only way to hit a successful shot. I don't know if that makes me "soft" but it certainly allowed me to play golf to my ability.