Interesting comments about Cordillera Mountain. Sounds like overall the Summit might be the best option of the bunch; I'm playing at Red Sky on an upcoming trip but have an afternoon tee time and am trying to decide if its worth playing somewhere else in the morning, those appear to be the options close enough to make it work.
I'm surprised for question #1 that none of the private clubs in the mountains have been mentioned yet: CC of the Rockies, Roaring Fork, Ironbridge, Glacier Club, Maroon Creek ,etc. Haven't played any of them yet, although will see a couple of them on the upcoming trip as well.
FWIW, of the 14 courses I've played in Colorado so far I'd probably give the award to Lakota Canyon so far, even with the added housing. Dalton Ranch in Durango has some pretty spectacular scenery as well, but then again most of the courses in Colorado do.