This question is inspired by the Pinehurst overhead thread which shows how far into the primary rough the "fairway" bunkers are now positioned as well as the bunkers in the rough thread.
I went back and looked at some of the Doak and C & C courses profiled here and it appears that their bunkers tend to be situated at least partially in what Hootie calls the first cut, but with the side facing away from the fairway may be in higher or primary rough. The side of the bunker facing the fairway may be a transitional area, but it is rarely 4-inch high primary rough.
This thread isn't about everyone's favorite - the centerline bunker - but the vast majority of bunkers which are positioned on the edge of the preferred line of play.