This is a good question, and one I have thought about in the past. Obviously, one would like a course they play well, or where they play well.
The question the other way is even better; liking a course, and then playing well. From my experiences, some courses, through their architecture and maintenance, just fit my eye and find a place in my heart.
Bethpage is one, this is partially due to personal (family) reasons; but it still inspires me, especially stretches like the first hole on Red, Black, or Green, looking out over the complex, and the second nines on Red and Black--the way the holes are relatively open, the way the wind kicks up in the afternoon, the way brownish fescues and bunkering look, flagsticks, it just fits together really well, for me.
I haven't played these, but from pictures I've seen of GC, NGLA, and walking Shinnecock last June, I feel certain I would feel the same way.
This was one reason I liked Beechtree so much, some of the architectural features reminded me some of the above mentioned courses. I didn't play well here, but I have a good excuse
In contrast, I was at a "US Open" club for a year--and I played the course often, it was immaculate, but it just never got me going--I didn't think it was very interesting, architecturally, and my opinion was that for me, it was not inspiring to play. We all are entitled to our own opinions and tastes & preferences.
I think also, for me personally, I play better on old, classic courses--there's just something about the history of them that resonates with me, and this ties back in with the architecture of them, as I appreciate classic architecture.
The 'new' courses, by which I mean a lot of the 1950s-mid '90s stuff, just don't do it for me as much in that they really don't catch my eye to the extent that 'classic' courses do. They seem to lack a certain 'something', whether it's age, or older-looking trees, or attractive architecture, for me to enjoy them to the extent I do the classic courses.