Usually this crowd has much to say on book recommendations, I think this thread got overlooked so I'm making some suggestions & bumping it up.
Rough Meditations is indeed a very good broad based book covering a little of everything & showing the passions the game can inspire.
The Art of Golf Design - Shackelford & Miller - is also inspiriing in a different way. Fantastic art coupled with wonderful essays.
Bury Me in a Pot Bunker - Pete Dye - was a fun intro into the life of an architect, as well as an easy and quick read.
Final Rounds and
The Dewsweepers - James Dodson - were good books for exploring the sole of the game.
A Season in Dornoch - Lorne Rubenstein - was as well.
The Greatest Golf Stories Ever Told - Jeff Silverman - is IMO the best of the compilation type books.
UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WHATSOEVER SHOULD YOU GIVE THEM
Golf in the Kingdom OR ANY OF ITS VARIOUS RIPOFFS, UNLESS YOU ARE PURPOSELY LOOKING TO TORTURE THEM WITH TEDIOUS BOREDOM & SCARE THEM INTO THINKING ALL GOLFERS ARE HELPLESSLY ECCENTRIC. ALSO, DO NOT LET THEM SEE
Bagger Vance, EITHER.
There, that ought to draw some folks out....
Push comes to shove, I'd probably recommend Lorne's Dornoch book first.