Thomas,
Putting as we know it evolved. I am sure you realize golfers used to take sand out of the hole and use it to make a tee about one club length away for their next shot. Slowly they moved the one club length away to two clubs lengths and four and then ten,.. and the concept of prepared greens appeared. Up until then, golfers were essentially chipping the ball into the hole.
Like you say, putting is one thing most everyone can do and probably why the concept of miniature golf came about.