Just one knucklehead's opinion, but:
(Golf courses only, not club experience, etc.)
Top 10: Essex, TCC, Myopia, OS, Kittansett, Boston, Taconic, Salem, Concord, Eastward Ho
Next 10: Winch, Worcester, Hyannisport, The River, Brae Burn, Plymouth, Longmeadow, Oyster Harbors, Tedesco, Orchards
Next 5: Woods Hole, Oak Hill, George Wright, Black Rock, Vesper
Potential omissions because I haven't played them yet: Belmont, Sankaty, Nantucket GC, Vineyard Club (new version), Wianno, Miacomet, Cohasset, Blue Hill, etc.
T10 Public would be: Taconic, GWright, Red Tail, International (Oaks), Wachusett, Waverly Oaks, Wahconah, Butter Brook, Pinehills (Nicklaus), and Cape Cod National. Three of those are rarely fully public, so I'd add CC of Greenfield, Cape Cod CC, and South Shore. Miacomet on Nantucket is the only relevant public I have not played in MA.
For a small state, we pack quite the punch, and that does not include some great courses in other states within 75 miles of Boston!