Considering what it takes to get to these courses for most people, and people make the journey, pilgrimage if you will, to courses like Bandon Dunes, Pacific Dunes, Sand Hills, and Wild Horse, I'd consider them cult courses.
I live on the east coast and have made 2 pilgrimages to play 2 of them. And they're neighbors on the west coast.
Bethpage Black was a bit of a cult course before it was announced the Open was coming.
I second the notion on Astoria.
How about Tobacco Road? Either you love it or hate it.