There's an amazing amount of things about golf that can be described mathematically. The flight and rolling characteristics of a ball. The size, firmness and slope of the ground. The aerodynamic characteristics of the club. Golf and most all sports operate in four dimensions, with time being the fourth one.
It probably helps to have a good academic knowledge of physics. I learned about gravity and momentum and kinetic energy and fluid dynamics in college, things like that. Most of that is a distant memory, but I could probably relearn the relationships quickly.
However, I don't think it's as important as personal experience and obsession with the game. While I do believe some people have greater genetic gifts in terms of learning ability and spatial orientation, a passion for understanding the game must be the greater determinant of inspired design. Those two qualities may be one and the same.
The sooner a person develops good spatial orientation, the better. Most of us old jocks develop that spatial orientation by playing sports. I used Google a couple days ago to find relevant articles. One study (sorry, I can't find it now) argued that a key tool was teaching how to accomplish geometric proofs. Geometric proofs require the student to prove a certain physical relationship using standard geometric theorems and hypotheses. A solution requires several steps of creative thought to accomplish the goal. Apparently, this is a not a widely used teaching method anymore, and the researchers were concerned that the modern American education system might be overlooking a valuable tool in developing good spatial orientation.
Temple Grandin is quite famous these days. She's a professor of animal science at Colorado State University, and she is renowned for developing humane physical systems for handling livestock. Talk about having empathy. Part of her epiphany in developing her original designs was recognizing the distress of the cattle and the ways they moved together. Grandin has written an essay in today's New York Times about the importance of visual thinking and the failure of American society to develop this important skill. It's a lovely article and relevant to this discussion.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/09/opinion/temple-grandin-visual-thinking-autism.htmlOne last thing. I am finding that one of the few gifts of growing older is a heightened sense of creativity. I don't know why. I keep reading and learning as much as I can, and maybe that increased knowledge leads to deeper, more abstract connections between things. In my case, I also may be influenced by a burning desire to create something after a leisurely period in middle age. I'm losing both mental and physical prowess, but boy do I have lots of ideas of things to write about.