Tom,
Robber's Row was a redesign by Pete so maybe that is the reason. The 5th at Long Cove is drivable but hardly worth the risk. You know that hole. I have gone for it just for fun and been close. The smart shot is something about 200 off the tee - closer to the water leaves a clear 80-110 yard shot to the green where as to the right the second is blind.
The 6th at PGA West is a 255+ yard par three which is one example of what you are talking about with Pete.
As far as other holes, the 3rd hole at The Olympic Club was lengthened to 250 yards (par three). This is another example of why do we worry about the back tees.
The 15th at French Creek outside Philly by Gil Hanse is a 290 yard par four from the tips. I made a 2 there playing with Gil from the back
Fazio did a 295 yard par four the 4th at The Quarry at La Quinta.
Doesn't Interlachen by Ross in MN have a short four (#15 or #16) that I remember being pretty special but I think it is just over 310 yards (likely an added tee not original).
I think there are a lot of these holes if you look for them. And I still think some of the best won't be mentioned because of silly back tees that stretch them past the guidelines of this thread.
When you evaluate holes for greatness, what tees to you judge this from?