I don't see those two things as analogous in the least; one makes putting easier and is in NO way random, while the other "punishes" randomly, regardless and to the detriment of skill. One rewards good putting even more, and the other penalizes better putting disproportionately, since the lesser putter was already going to miss. They don't match up even a little bit.
Player A hits 100 putts on pure greens. 20 of them dead center. 12 of them go in on the right half, 12 go in on the left half. 10 of them miss just left. 10 of them miss just right. The other 42 putts miss by a couple inches.
Player A made 44 Putts on pure greens.
Player B hits 100 putts on pure greens. 18 are dead center. 10 of them go in on the right. 10 of them go in on the left. 6 of them miss just left. 6 of them miss just right. The other putts miss by a couple inches.
Player B made 38 putts on pure greens.
Player A is clearly a better putter on pure greens, as they make 6 more putts per 100 putts.
Now they do the same thing, but on bumpier greens. For this model, the bumpier greens mean half of the putts go 1 inch right of where they would on pure greens and half go 1 inch to the left.
Player A’s 20 putts that would have been dead center still go in, just on the left or right side. Half of the putts they would have gone in on the left bounce right and still go in, the other half bounce left and miss. So 6 makes. The opposite happens on the right, leading to 6 more makes. Half of the putts that just missed right on pure greens now bounce in, leading to 5 more makes. Same on the other side misses, leading to 5 more makes. The rest of the putts are too far away for the bounces to matter.
Player A makes 42 putts on bumpy greens.
Player B’s 18 putts that were dead center all still go in, but now on the right or left. Half of putts on the left and right sides of the hole go in now, so 5 and 5. And half of the puts that would have just missed on pure greens now go in. 3 and 3. The rest of the putts are too far ways for the bounces to change the outcome
Player B makes 34 putts on bumpy greens.
Player A is relatively an even better putter on bumpy greens as they make 8 more putts than player B.
The randomness of the greens affected the amount of putts the better putter’s made less than the bad putters because they had more putts struck in the middle that couldn't miss, and more putts just off the edges that could get favorable bounces.
The idea that randomness always favors the poorer, less skilled, player is not true.