There is a current oversupply of courses, due to over-building of unsustainable courses during the last 2 decades. The law of supply and demand will correct that, although the process will be uncomfortable for courses that go away. Better business models and operating efficiency will mark surviving courses.
Sadly, the current oversupply means that costs to play are at a low point. As supply contracts, prices will go up!
On the demand side, I don’t see anything doing much to increase the number of players. For reasons mentioned in earlier posts, play will decrease, or stay even at best. Fewer courses and higher prices will not help.
I suspect that in the future, we’ll see a game populated by mostly by true “enthusiasts”, with the casual/occasional golfer less involved. Most of those joined during the “golf bubble”, when golf for the new fad.
Not sure about the private-public ratio… Pace of play is the only advantage that I see in a private these days.