Peter:
In the words of the great philosopher, whose name escapes me currently, I'd say: "It depends."
If I were in your shoes (and I think I see where you're going with this), I think I'd be able to "fake" my way around Augusta National, The Old Course (which, I've actually seen), maybe Pebble Beach, maybe Oakmont, probably Merion East, and a few others. Of course, those courses have in common one significant thing relevant to this discussion -- they've hosted multiple majors, and been on television.
Particularly with Augusta, I've seen and studied that course enough to think that if I were to play it, not much would surprise me there. Not that I'd play it well, just that it's probably the most "exposed" course out there.
But places like Pine Valley, NGLA, Sand Hills, Chicago GC, Cypress Point -- I have a "sense" of what those places are like, but I doubt I could fake my way through a discussion of them here.
And then there is this: the bed-post notching of playing all 100 of the top courses is quite different than having played a course multiple times. I could play NGLA once, and be able to have a decent discussion of the course, but my understanding of that course would pale next to someone like Pat Mucci.