It depends on the venue.
One of the reasons there are more public courses and newer courses being chosen for the event is that they are willing to host for less $ from the USGA, because they have other avenues to make it back. [Not just Chambers Bay and Erin Hills, but Pebble, Pinehurst, Bethpage, Torrey Pines etc.]. You can believe they are doing it to be more "populist" if you want, but there is surely a pattern emerging.
I've been around a few of the old-line private clubs that have hosted the event, and after every one there was quite a bit of complaint by the membership, that they would have to be paid far more to host it again.