All matter to some extent, except playing partners. I played with a boor of a man on Sunday who swore loudly, threw clubs, and whipped golf balls deep into the ground. This man was my father's age. A complete embarrassment of a man.
But his antics are no reflection upon the course in my mind. I suppose if repeated visits to a course or club found you often paired with that sort of partner then you might get the sense the behavior was tolerated and/or common there for some reason.
As to the other factors, like anyone I am happy when I play well, but old enough now to understand the difference between the rare course where the architecture is so bad it precludes any reasonable chance of scoring, vs, me just having a bad day.
Shots that make me think are the key thing, and there are so many ways to do that--it doesn't have to be all about split fairways or centerline bunkers (not that such things are bad), but a good course using an interesting piece of land and giving you various options for how to approach any given shot on a hole. Maybe more importantly, that the course itself has a variety. The redan concept is great, but you'd get tired of having 5 shots of that type within a given 18. To that extent, and mostly only to that extent, conditions matter. If conditions at the course conspire to take options off the table, that's not a good thing. As a desert dweller, I'm sensitive to those many courses that overwater in the summer to keep everything green. Sure, it looks nice, I guess, but I had three imbedded balls during my Sunday round. Two of which came off the driver! That's just absurd, and it goes without saying that bouncing a shot in or using a sideslope is off the table in such conditions.