If one really wanted to get a sense of Canadian golf, there are a handful of courses one has to see (from west to east):
1) Capilano (one of Thompson's best, though I put it behind Highlands, St. George's, and Jasper, and likely Banff as well. Still great)
2) Sagebrush -- Zokol's take on minimalist golf, with the design by Rod Whitman. Wonderful to play, even if Zokol isn't involved any longer
3) Banff and Jasper -- take the trip north from Calgary and see two of Thompson's best. Banff needs a bunker restoration, but Jasper really hasn't been tinkered with. if you come from Edmonton, see Whitman's Blackhawk, one of the best modern courses in Canada.
4) St. George's -- an amazing routing, amazing par fours, and one awful green. Might be Thompson's best.
5) Oviinbyrd -- Thomas McBroom's best work and one located in Muskoka, which has a pretty unique topography. Not in the elite like the others here, but worth seeing just to see what Muskoka (Canada's version of the Hamptons) has to offer. Many wouldn't put this in the elite in Canada, but I think it demonstrates a unique part of the country.
6) National GC -- penal golf at its best or worst depending on your perspective. Ultra-tough greens, the National is a great routing but not as perfect as some have suggested. Worth seeing as the prime example of modern architecture in Canada in the 1970s.
7) Mount Bruno -- Quebec's best is an understated Willie Park Jr. gem with some tremendous greens. Old school at its finest.
Cabot Links -- enough written about this one.
9) Highlands Links -- rebounding from a big storm two years ago, Ian Andrew has done a fine restoration job and there are vistas returning where once there were only trees.
10) Humber Valley -- located in Newfoundland, so many haven't seen this one. Arguably Carrick's best work -- and a tremendously dramatic site. Since Carrick is likely the best modern designer in Canada (though Whitman could be in this camp, though he's done a lot less work), Humber is worth seeing to understand the interest in this Toronto architect.