I would go with Arnie and Tiger as the ones who got most people golfing, as players and not architects. Not sure how Jones, Snead and Hogan affected play earlier, but I know my Dad started playing because of Snead.
I disagree that any big name got more people playing because of architecture. My first instinct was Bendelow, or his first employer the Spauling Co., but every area did have their regional Johnny Appleseeds who built affordable golf courses, too. However, it was probably some course that first came up with a $1 off coupon to play. Maybe some pro who gave the first lesson free. And so on.
After all, other than the Masters example, they don't know what the course looks like until they show up.