I think you will find quite a few Clubs that were formed in the 'teens' had driving ranges. I know of one Club in my town (1916) that had one constructed during the courses construction large enough to support about a half dozen teachers to keep up with the growth of the game.
Back then people did go to an instructor to learn the game. They were apparently used for teaching more than practicing, but I would assume that also depends on how well established the course was.
"Modern Golf' by Harold Hilton (1913) has a very interesting chapter that includes practice.