Certain post-modern critical theorists, notably Michel Foucault and Roland Barthes, might suggest that this is the wrong question to ask altogether. For them, it is not really a matter of the words "designer" or "architect," but rather why we are so fixated on having a separation between designer and golfer in the first place? Read the passage below by Barthes, trying to replace each mention of an author/scriptor/writer with the word "designer," and each mention of the text/book with "golf course."
"...the modern scriptor is born simultaneously with the text, is in no way equipped with a being preceding or exceeding the writing, is not the subject with the book as predicate; there is no other time than that of the enunciation and every text is eternally written here and now."
What he is saying here is that the so-called designer is not special; he/she is simply part of an on-going, cultural process. A golf course, then, is "designed" every time that a person plays it; it is a fluid occurrence, not something that happened 10, or even 100 years ago, but something that is ALWAYS happening.
Ultimately, we are all designers...some just get paid to call it their profession.