Mike,
I think most, if not every bunker punishes one faction of golfer more or less than other factions, however, the play of a round isn't about one hole and/or one feature on that hole.
Handicap/player wise, the architect has "no dog in the fight".
He tends to forge a disinterested 18 hole challenge, one that neither favors nor punishes a select faction.
While one feature or one hole may favor a draw, another hole may favor a fade.
While one hole may favor length, another may favor accuracy.
While one hole may favor the high handicapper, another may favor the low handicapper,
but, overall, the challenge presented in all 18 holes "BALANCES OUT" favoring no one faction.
That's the biggest problem I see with green committees and boards, they try to amend/alter the golf course to favor their particular game, giving no consideration to the games of other players.
That a bunker's position may favor someone who draws the ball versus a fader is part of the randomness of bunker placement.
One of the things I always liked about NGLA was that a bunker normally out of play for me when I was playing well, came into play when I didn't play well. The bunker pattern on the 18th hole is a perfect example. With a good drive, many bunkers are out of play on my second and/or approach shot. But, with a mediocre or poor drive, those bunkers normally out of play, come abruptly into play.
I think that's an advantage of random bunkering.
Since the play of the game is unpredictable, having random bunkering comes into play with unpredictable play.