Ralph,
No, they're not the same. Grain is a pattern of direction that the grass leaves are laying. Often it is associated with water movement and/ or sun position.
Superintendents use many tools to keep grain to a minimum, and the low mowing heights help in that regards as well. New turfgrass cultivars are bred to be dense and upright. Vertical mowing, frequent topdressing and brushing, using grooved rollers on greens mowers, etc., are all things that are used today. 100 years ago, they were still maintaining greens with minimal water(if any) and older grass varieties, not to mention the lack of grooming tools and the manpower required.
Joe