On point #2, I'll let David answer because you guys know my thoughts on this...I just can't see them buying that triangle without thinking they were going to put some golf up there...even though they had to later change the lines somewhat...
Jim,
I agree...they bought the land up there for golf, but they didn't obtain it in a separate purchase or swap. The Johnson Farm boundary that Lloyd already controlled extended all the way up beyond that Haverford College Boundary, and it was if memory serves about 105 yards wide by 265 yards long as indicated on that November 15, 1910 Land Plan, which is certainly large enough for some golf.
Recall that the curving road drawn on that map and it's sister curving road inside HDC Land were not built yet, and were simply a theoretical boundary on the only variable boundary on the property; the northwest border of the Johnson Farm adjoining other HDC holdings.
Still and all, I think they probably established some working boundaries along that line, probably just in the form of stakes, to indicate some 117 acres they had secured. The problem is that they ended up needing 120, and I believe the reason for this was simply that they didn't at first realize how big an obstacle the quarry was going to be, and that they needed to create an alternate fairway around it, throwing off all their assumptions as far as necessary width for golf holes.
I'm speculating of course, but it seems to make sense. Because of the quarry, the 15th hole got pushed well out beyond what they originally figured, and even the original location of the 15th tee was close to the road, just past the left side of the 14th green. They needed to do that to accommodate the fact that the lengthy carry across the quarry on what had to be a daunting hickory-shafted hole of 430 yards was prohibitive to most members, and required the alternate.
By way of comparison, the 4th hole at Cobb's Creek back then was a full carry 150 yards. That used to be such a ball-buster of a carry for most golfers that play would back up there, sometimes for hours. In the 1920's they even considered proposing new rules, such as if you didn't make the carry you'd just drop on the other side, and another suggestion was to skip the hole entirely!
I think that pushing out of the 15th at Merion much further left than they originally thought they needed meant that they had to get about 20-30 yards wider at the bottom of the triangle, so that they could also fit the 16th tee up there comfortably.
Of course, I think they then simply worked "puts and gets" along the length of the original proposed boundary to push other things (like the 14th green) where they wanted, but at the end of the day ended up needing three more acres than they originally secured, along with the 3 acres of rented property for the 12th green/13th hole.
Tom Paul,
I would agree that the MCC Minutes as the primary source are the most valuable piece of information to date, but since we are only trying to discuss things in the public domain at present, as relates to David's essay points...