In my home club the Club Championship is a medal, played every spring, although there is also a match play event played in the fall.
The medal is played over 72 holes in 4 days, always on a bank holiday we have in May. It is open to club members with handicaps below 11.4 and 30 lowest non-member handicap amateurs who sign up.
The match play event is played in October. Goes on over two weekends. Weekend 1, 18 hole medal on saturday to qualify 32 players. Two rounds of match play are played on Sunday (last 32 and last 16). The next weekend, two rounds of match play on saturday (quarterfinals and semifinals) and 36 hole final on sunday.
All competitions are scratch and played off the back tees. No carts allowed and no medical exceptions are made. If you are injured or unable to walk 18/36 holes in a day, you just can't play.
In addition, there are 5 monthly 36-hole medals (february,march,april, june and september) and a doubles club-championship (36-hole foursome).
At the end of the year, all 7 individual events are added up to form the club ranking.
In addition there are handicap competitions (and stableford competitions) from time to time, to make sure that higher handicappers also have their chance to win.....
The four day competition is the only one in which players need to take one day off. Since it is a very anticipated event, people plan in advance to make it. For those who cannot make it in a particular year, there are enough competitions throughout the year so they can compete.