This is a tough thread to post on...I'm really grinding the gears here to make a thoughtful and worthy contribution. When we say "ahead of their time," does that automatically reject what was happening at the time? Next, in whose mind were the existing courses "behind the times," necessitating courses "ahead of their time"? Finally, does this have anything to do with that song in "Joseph," titled "Ahead of My Time"?
OK, back to the golf. I'll nominate reclaimed-land courses as being ahead of their time. Beginning with a couple of quarry courses, Merion and CC Buffalo(Ross), then jumping way ahead to Pete Dye Golf Club, Old Works, Widow's Walk and many others, these were courses that took less-than-prime land and made miracles. This is still going on today and is one of golf's great contributions to society.
Next, I'll suggest that the jury is still out on Mike Strantz-style courses...in order for Strantz to be situated properly in the pantheon, he'll need an imitator or two to come along and cite him as their inspiration. After Tobacco Road and Tot Hill Farm, I was prepared to deify him. After Royal New Kent and Stonehouse, I backed off. I'll need to revisit True Blue and see MPCC, Bull's Bay and Caledonia before I can truly opine on his place.
I may have more, but it's not coming at the present time. Back later.