"There's no such thing as a bad course, some are just better than others." P. Mucci
Jason,
I couldn't agree more with Mucci's statement.
I also think that you are onto something. Champions Golf Club has two courses, Cypress Creek which may resemble your #1, and Jackrabbitt, which may fit #2. The club is reputed to have by far the most single-digit handicappers in the extraordinary Houston area golf association.
I learned to play golf on a course which some would argue resembles your #1. From the fall of 1971 to the summer of 1978, I played well over 500 rounds on the Scarlet course at Ohio State in Columbus. While I believe the course offered many strategic options, it was certainly hard as nails with college players sometimes failing to break 90 during tournaments.
By the time I was a senior, I could shoot in the mid to high 70s, every once in awhile getting close to par, and played with a number of the non-travelling OSU golf team members for a few bucks whenever coach Brown wasn't around.
When I went home for the summer and played the local muni, I would shoot right around par, sometimes a stroke or two better, for the first month, then I would see my game gravitate higher to my normal range (75 - 80). When I went back to OSU, it took me a least a month or so to get my game back to where it was before I left in early summer.
The same thing happened to me when I moved to Texas in 1978. I shot right around par despite not playing as much for a couple of months, then began to slowly acclimate to the easier courses and my comfort zone in the mid to upper 70s.
This is all anecdotal, but I've also noticed that players with handicaps established at more difficult courses, their games seem to travel better. Typically, Colonial CC members I've known not only have improved when they joined the club, but they've done well in area tournaments and member-guests.
I do agree with redanman (something I find myself doing way too much recently, which worries me) that competition is the key. The more you test yourself and become hardened, the better you play. It is a self-selecting process- some people don't like the pressure so they don't compete; it is likely that those who compete throughout their lifetime are those who gain the most out of it. Playing regularly at a difficult course, one that requires great ball striking and a deft short game, is no doubt synergistic (and probably self-selecting as well).
BTW, I've never played a long, difficult course devoid of strategic options. True, some holes on these courses require well-struck drives to get home in regulation, but I haven't seen one that penalized guile and imagination.