Patrick.
I appreciate your response, and apologize for taking so long to reply. Unfortunately, I still have a feeling we are not quite on the same page.
First, I'd like to set aside the 'bias' discussion for the time being. I don't think I have ever expressed much negativity for Rees (if I have, it was a mistake, because I don't have much negative to say, except that I don't like the look of Sandpines in the photos.) If you'd like, I would be glad to take up the bias issue later, as I do have some thoughts.
Second, I want to make clear that I could not care less about Sandpines. I have never seen it in person, and based on the photos, I don't care to. If it turns out that my evaluation of the photos is incorrect, it is my loss. If anyone convinces me that it really is worth a look, I might reconsider.
My disagreement with you is more general than a discussion of Sandpines. I disagree with your repeated contention that it is improper to blame the architect for style and/or strategy, whether it be original work or renovation/restoration.
The Appropriate Object of Criticism: The Architect or the Developer?
Pardon me if I am retracing a well-trodden trail, but I am little slow on the uptake today and I want to get this right.
The way I understand it, you view the process something like this:
1. Developer or Committee presumably knows something about golf courses, and hires an architect because he likes the architect's "style" and wants that style at the new (or renovated) course.
2. Architect does the Developer's (or Committee's) bidding, which, not by coincidence, happens to correspond with the architect's "style." (After all, that is why the Developer hired this particular architect.)
3. Because the Developer (or Committee) is the one calling the shots in this relationship, the Developer (or Committee) is the one that should be praised or blamed for the quality of the final project.
When I asked you: "Whether we fault Rees or the developer, isn't it still Rees' style that is in question?" you responded "I'd say that a good deal of the criticism is of Rees's style."
I'm not positive what you meant by that, but I assume that you meant to concede that whether we criticize the developer or Rees, a good deal of the criticism is actually of Rees' style. If I have understood you correctly, then it seems that we are in agreement, at least as far as the "style" of the course is concerned: The Architect is actually the proper object for "a good deal of the criticism."
Please correct me if I have misunderstood you.
Of course, this all begs the question: What is the "style."
Is Strategy Part of Style?
I (and others) claimed that strategy and style are interrelated and inseparable. You vehemently disagree. If I understand you correctly, you are arguing that:
1. Style is a "constant." Architects have a style and elements of that style may remain consistent from one project to another. As an example, you offer "rough" or "crisp" bunker edges as purely stylistic.
2. Strategy is a more abstract concept. It is a "variable." It can be plugged into a course regardless of "style." You didn't give me an example strategy, but, if I understand you correctly, you would view a modern cape hole as an example of "strategy," A "cape hole" is a "cape hole" regardless of the bunker edges, random or straight fairway lines, or square and free-flow tee boxes. A rose by any other name . . .
I don't think we can be too far apart on the issue, given that we used very same example of a "style" element that is not strategic at all. I used rough or straight bunker edges, you used rough or crisp bunker edges. I call these non-strategic elements of style the architect's Esthetic Style.
I don't agree that an architect's style is limited to an Esthetic Style where the stylistic elements are void of all strategic consequences. For example, while bunker depth, bunker placement, open green fronts, are all elements of Esthetic style, they also all have strategic consequences. But, I don't think that debating this will get us anywhere. Fortunately, I think our disagreement is largely semantic. If we approach it from another angle, we may find that we are not as far apart as we seem.
In Reply # 103, you speak of copied holes at Yale, and allude to the fact that CBM/Raynor copied quite a lot of holes at Yale and elsewhere. I assume that you when you say the "copied holes" you are not just referring to the repetition of the "constants" of the architects' "style." You must also be referring to a repitition of strategic elements from course to course. While redan, cape, short, road, etc. may all be strategic variables that can be plugged into any style, they were not variable for CBM/Raynor. They were constants. They appear again and again, and distinguish CBM/Raynor's work from all others. So, at least with regard to CBM/Raynor, I hope we can agree that there are such things as strategic constants, which I refer to as CBM/Ranor's Strategic Style.
Strategic Style.
CBM/Raynor are not the only architects with a Strategic Style:
--Earlier in his design career, Nicklaus was famous (or infamous) for building courses that favored a long, high fade. Thus, he was at least perceived to have had a Strategic Style.
--Many would argue that Pete Dye also had (and has) a Strategic Style. For example, his two stadium courses finish with a long but reachable par 5, an island green par 3, and a long cape par 4. This is more than coincidence, it is repetition of a strategic elements. A Strategic Style.
--Thomas wrote about placing bunkers and trouble in front of greens instead of behind greens, to avoid punishing the aggressive player who strikes a solid shot, and to avoid rewarding the weak player who hits a bad shot. You can see this Strategic Style element implemented at L.A.C.C.
--Mackenzie writes of using slope to reward a well placed drive with extra roll and you can see the implementation of this Strategic Style element at Cypress. (While he doesn't use the term (I dont think), Doak also writes of the use of slope as a key element of his Strategic Style.)
We can also take a look at a few individual features and elements on golf courses, all of which you have discussed recently:
--Center Bunkers. In the example in your response to me, you speak of placing a "chevron bunker" in the middle of a fairway. Forgive my ignorance, but I am not sure what a "chevron" bunker is, but I will assume that it is some sort of a bunker where the golfer must decide to go left, right, or over. Thus, it is a feature that influences the strategy of the hole. Some architects commonly use center bunkers in their designs (Schmidt and Curley, for example) and some architects rarely, if ever use this strategic feature. I would say that Schmidt and Curley's Strategic Style includes center bunkers.
--Run-Away Greens. You recently started a thread on greens that run away from the golfer, suggested that they favored the ground game, and contrasted them to "dartboard greens" canted toward the golfer. Architects like Gil Hanse commonly use Run-Away Greens in their designs where the land form calls for it. This is part of Gil's Strategic Style.
--Kick Ups?? While I am pretty sure I have the term wrong, I believe you also recently commented on another Strategic Style element -- greens that canted sharply toward the golfer at the back of the green. I believe that Gil may also utilize this Strategic Style element.
These are all examples of Strategic Style, where Architects repeat certain strategic elements from project to project..
The Style - Strategy Continuum
There is, of course, much overlap between Esthetic Style and Strategic Style. For example, if an architect favors cavernous bunkers placed in or near landing areas, this will influence strategy and also create a certain esthetic effect. I visualize it as a continuum that might look something like this:
Esthetic Stategic
Style Style
<-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------->
-bunker edges-
- bunker placement-
-redan hole-
-flower boxes-
- grass type-
-reverse dogleg-
-low mounds
out of the line
of play-
-bunker depth-
-bunker placement-
-fall away green-
-waterfalls out
of the line of
play-
Patrick, are you still with me? (Yes, believe it or not, I am not finished. Sorry for being so long-winded. I guess you are used to it with TEPaul.)
Please let me know whether you agree or disagree with this approach. And, if you disagree, it might help me to hear why. Thanks in advance for indulging me.
-DM